{"id":917,"date":"2021-12-25T19:19:39","date_gmt":"2021-12-25T16:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.paytr.com\/blog\/?p=917"},"modified":"2025-06-23T17:31:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T14:31:03","slug":"fintech-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.paytr.com\/en\/blog\/fintech-nedir","title":{"rendered":"Fintech Nedir? Fintech Terimleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cFinansal Teknoloji<\/strong>\u201d olarak \u00e7evrilen FinTech, \u0130ngilizce \u201cFinancial<\/strong>\u201d ve \u201cTechnology<\/strong>\u201d terimlerinin k\u0131saltmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fturuldu. Finans alan\u0131nda devrim niteli\u011finde yenilikleri tetikleyen Fintech geli\u015fmeleri, finans\u0131 tabana yayma hedeflerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi hedefine giderek yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Geli\u015fmelerin temelinde yatan motivasyon, teknolojiyi finansta daha fazla kullanmakt\u0131r.Kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, zaman kazand\u0131rmak ve pratik olmak FinTech\u2019in felsefesini \u00f6zetleyen 3 temel unsurdur. Finans alan\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren i\u015fletmeler ile bu hizmetlerden yararlanan t\u00fcketicilerin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran yeniliklere sahne olan FinTech d\u00fcnyas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda merak etti\u011finiz t\u00fcm ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara yaz\u0131m\u0131zda yer verdik.<\/p>\n

\"Fintek\"<\/p>\n

Fintech Ne Zaman Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/h2>\n

FinTech\u2019in ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131lan\u0131n aksine olduk\u00e7a eski dayanmaktad\u0131r. Dijitalle\u015fmeye y\u00f6nelik at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlarla birlikte FinTech 1.0<\/strong> insanl\u0131k tarihinde yerini alm\u0131\u015f ve ya\u015fanan her geli\u015fme ile birlikte finans ile teknoloji bulu\u015farak FinTech 3.0\u2019\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu g\u00fcnlere ula\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her yeni FinTech geli\u015fiminin ard\u0131nda yatan nedenler birbirlerinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve d\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne FinTech alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan devrimlerin kronolojik s\u0131ralamas\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/p>\n

FinTech 1.0<\/h3>\n

Finans alan\u0131nda ilk FinTech \u00f6rneklerinin g\u00f6zlendi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nem, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir zaman dilimi i\u00e7inde ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeleri i\u00e7ermektedir. 1866 ile 1967 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayan dijital uygulamalara ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci ile birlikte FinTech 1.0 insanl\u0131k tarihinde yerini alarak yeni geli\u015fmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1866 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6\u015fenen ilk Transatlantik kablo, ba\u011flant\u0131 ve dijitalle\u015fme ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 tetiklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu geli\u015fmenin ana motivasyonu 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 olmu\u015f ve ileti\u015fim ile teknoloji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ile yayg\u0131nla\u015fan \u00f6deme sistemleri, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmesi olmu\u015ftur. 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayata ge\u00e7en Diner\u2019s Clubkredi kart\u0131, bu d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmesidir.<\/p>\n

FinTech 2.0<\/h3>\n

FinTecjh 2.0 d\u00f6nemini dijitalle\u015fme ve internet ba\u015flatt\u0131. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan bu yeni d\u00f6nem, 2008 ABD mali krizine kadar devam etti. Bu d\u00f6nemin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kazan\u0131m\u0131 dijitalle\u015fmenin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 olurken, bu d\u00f6nemin start d\u00fc\u011fmesine 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan ilk ATM bast\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra dijitalle\u015fme hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde sunulan \u00fcr\u00fcn ve hizmetlerde de ya\u015fand\u0131. \u0130nternet bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131za girdi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk uluslararas\u0131 para transferi (SWIFT) ile NASDAQ\u2019ta elektronik al\u0131m ve sat\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk online bankac\u0131l\u0131k hizmeti ile insanl\u0131k tan\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda patlayan Dot.com balonu k\u00f6t\u00fc bir an\u0131 olarak haf\u0131zalarda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan PayPal yeni bir \u00f6deme y\u00f6ntemini bize kazand\u0131r\u0131rken, 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131n hayat\u0131m\u0131za girmesi ile yeni bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. Yukar\u0131da payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi bu d\u00f6nemin ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck balonu ABD kaynakl\u0131 2008 mali krizi oldu ve bu krizle birlikte \u201c\u015feffafla\u015fma<\/strong>\u201d beklentileri FinTech 3.0\u2019\u0131n tetikleyici geli\u015fmesi oldu.<\/p>\n

Fintech 3.0<\/h3>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda t\u00fcn finans piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 alt\u00fcst eden ABD kaynakl\u0131 k\u00fcresel ekonomik kriz, \u015feffafl\u0131k sa\u011flama zorunlulu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Gayrimenkul sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne dayal\u0131 tahvillerde olu\u015fan balon fiyatlaman\u0131n tetikledi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde, Lehman Brothers<\/strong> gibi \u00f6nemli bir finans kurulu\u015fu iflas etti. Ya\u015fanan bu geli\u015fme sonras\u0131 maliyetleri azaltma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yeni FinTech ad\u0131mlar\u0131 at\u0131l\u0131rken, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Satoshi Nakamoto takma ismi taraf\u0131ndan piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen Bitcoin ile birlikte finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131\u00e7rama ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bitcoin<\/p>\n

Bitcoin\u2019in geli\u015ftirilmesi ile birlikte peer to peer (P2P) geli\u015fimi 2011<\/strong>y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kazand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ile birlikte mobil bankac\u0131l\u0131k alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelere insanl\u0131k tan\u0131k olurken, yeni \u00fcretilen teknolojiler ile FinTech s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere kadar uzand\u0131.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Gelecekte Fintech Firmalar\u0131n\u0131n Yeri<\/h2>\n

2013 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada FinTech yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n potansiyeli fark edilmekte ve FinTech\u2019lere yap\u0131lan ortalama y\u0131ll\u0131k 15 milyar dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131mlar 2018 y\u0131l\u0131na geldi\u011finde 26 milyar dolara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Blockchain ve yapay zeka alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan yeni geli\u015fmeler finansal teknolojiyi desteklemeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken Nesnelerin \u0130nterneti (IoT), <\/strong>Sanal Ger\u00e7eklik (VR) ve g\u00fcvenlik alan\u0131nda eld edilen yeni teknolojik kazan\u0131mlar ile d\u00fcnya finans\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir alana y\u00f6nelmektedir.<\/p>\n

FinTech \u0130stanbul Platformunun kurucu orta\u011f\u0131 Prof. Dr. Selim Yaz\u0131c\u0131 FinTech gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede \u201cTechFin<\/strong>\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve \u201cGelece\u011fin bankalar\u0131, bankac\u0131l\u0131k lisansl\u0131 finansal teknoloji \u015firketleri olacak\u201d yorumu ile geli\u015fmeleri de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Google, Apple, Amazon ve Facebook gibi \u015firketlerin potansiyellerini kullanarak \u00f6deme sistemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Yaz\u0131c\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tezini Facebook\u2019un ismini \u201cMeta\u201d olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi ile desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u201cMetaverse\u201d alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler sanal ger\u00e7eklik teknolojileri (VR) ve blockchain birlikteli\u011finin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n nerelere ula\u015fabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Kripto para ekosistemine kazand\u0131r\u0131lan her yeni metaverse projesi ile birlikte sadece video oyunlarda de\u011fil, konser ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f gibi alanlarda sanal ger\u00e7eklik uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n yerini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Gelecekte teknoloji insanl\u0131k hayat\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde yer al\u0131rken insanlar sanal ger\u00e7eklik ile al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini yapabilecek, konserlere kat\u0131labilecek ve gezegenler aras\u0131 seyahat yapabilecekler.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz realitesine gelindi\u011finde ise yukar\u0131da payla\u015f\u0131lan hedeflere ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce, FinTech alan\u0131nda baz\u0131 problemlerin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fi \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Teknoloji ile birlikte finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131 her ne kadar t\u00fcketici lehine geli\u015fmelere sahne olsa ve yeni giri\u015fimlerle ekosistemin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi hedeflense de bankalar, halen en b\u00fcy\u00fck pastay\u0131 ellerinde tutmaktad\u0131r. Bankalar halen trilyon dolarl\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fck pastay\u0131 FinTech\u2019e b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015f ve yeni geli\u015fmeler bir dizi g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu do\u011frultular \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda FinTech\u2019in yak\u0131n gelece\u011fini yorumlarsak \u00f6nceliklerin IT (\u0130nsan Kaynaklar\u0131)<\/strong> modellerinin g\u00fcncellenmesi, eski sistemlerin basitle\u015ftirilmesi, i\u015flem maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, bulut teknolojisinin geli\u015fimi, tahmin piyasas\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve siber g\u00fcvenli\u011fe \u00f6nem verilmesi konular\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. K\u0131sa vadede yetenek ve becerileri \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 beklenen FinTech\u2019lerin bu a\u015famalar\u0131 tamamlamas\u0131 halinde toplumun geneline yay\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Fintech \u015eirketleri Ne Yapar?<\/h2>\n

FinTech \u015firketleri, finansal hizmetler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn eri\u015filebilirli\u011fini ve verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik giri\u015fimleri hayata ge\u00e7irir. \u0130\u015f modelleri ile teknolojiyi birle\u015ftiren \u015firketler; finansal hizmetlerin h\u0131z, maliyet ve ula\u015f\u0131labilirlik konusundaki becerilerini art\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefler. FinTech \u015firketi yapay zeka (AI), blockchain, sanal ger\u00e7eklik (VR), bulut teknolojileri ve veri bilimi gibi teknolojileri geleneksel finansa entegre ederek bahsedilen hedeflere ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Fintek<\/p>\n

FinTech \u015firketlerinin faaliyet alanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bankac\u0131l\u0131k<\/a>, dijital bankac\u0131l\u0131k, kitlesel fonlama, yat\u0131r\u0131m teknolojileri ve tahsilat sistemleri olarak \u00f6zetlenebilir. Payla\u015f\u0131lan faaliyet alan\u0131, FinTech \u015firketlerinin bankalar i\u00e7in var oldu\u011fu alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tetiklemektedir. Teknolojinin geli\u015fimi ise bu alg\u0131y\u0131 k\u0131rmakta ve FinTech \u015firketleri giderek bankalar ile rekabet edebilme becerilerini art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

CB Insights<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131lan verilere g\u00f6re, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n en iyi 250 ticari firmas\u0131 finansal hizmetlerini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in teknolojiyi kullanmaktad\u0131r. Payla\u015f\u0131lan bu rakamlar FinTech \u015firketlerinin potansiyelini g\u00f6sterirken, bankalar da bu alana yapt\u0131klar\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 art\u0131rarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD bankalar\u0131n\u0131n 56 FinTech giri\u015fmine 3,6 milyar dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 ve JPMorgan Chase\u2019in 50 bin ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan teknoloji ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131na her y\u0131l 11 milyar dolar para harcamas\u0131, bankalar\u0131n da rekabetin fark\u0131nda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve kendilerini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde FinTech ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k terimleri i\u00e7 i\u00e7e geli\u015fimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrse de yak\u0131n gelecekte FinTech \u015firketleri mevcut teknolojiler ile ayr\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ba\u015faracakt\u0131r. Prof. Dr. Selim Yaz\u0131c\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi k\u00fcresel teknoloji devleri taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlarla birlikte \u201cTechFin\u201d kavram\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fintech\u2019in Finans Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne Etkileri Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n

FinTech giri\u015fimleri, verimlilik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck i\u015flem maliyeti gibi \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kazand\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halen bu alanlarda \u00f6zellikte yapay zekan\u0131n deste\u011fi<\/strong> ile ilerlemeler kaydedilirken, blockchain teknolojisinin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z geli\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 i\u015fleri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u0130novasyona a\u00e7\u0131k olan finansal teknolojiler, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve finansta k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. FinTech\u2019in finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne 7 etkisine g\u00f6z atarak geldi\u011fimiz a\u015famalar hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi alabiliriz:<\/p>\n

\"Fintech<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u00c7ip Teknolojisi<\/h3>\n

Ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u00e7ipe sahip banka kartlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan EMV teknolojisi<\/strong>, t\u00fcketicilerin ya\u015fayabilecekleri olas\u0131 aksiliklerde ya\u015fayacaklar\u0131 maddi kayb\u0131 en aza indirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Yap\u0131lan her i\u015flemde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere g\u00f6nderilen tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k \u015fifreler<\/strong> ile i\u015flem g\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in kart ve \u015fifre yan\u0131nda cep telefonu do\u011frulamas\u0131n\u0131 hayat\u0131m\u0131za kazand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u00e7ip teknolojisi kart \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya kopyalanmas\u0131 durumunda olu\u015facak riskleri ortadan kald\u0131rarak t\u00fcketiciye daha fazla kontrol imkan\u0131 tan\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Biyometrik Sens\u00f6re Sahip ATM\u2019ler<\/h3>\n

Finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda t\u00fcketici ma\u011fduriyetlerine yol a\u00e7an g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131, FinTech ile bir bir kapat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ok \u00f6nemli tesislerin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan iris taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve biyometrik sens\u00f6rler yeni geli\u015fmeler ile s\u0131radan t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131larak pek \u00e7ok soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

ATM\u2019lerde hizmete al\u0131nan biyometrik sens\u00f6rler ile kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, herhangi bir PIN ya da \u015fifre hat\u0131rlama zorunlulu\u011fu ya\u015famadan finansal i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirler. Kart\u0131n kaybolmas\u0131 ya da \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda ya\u015fanabilecek ma\u011fduriyet riski de bu teknoloji ile s\u0131f\u0131rlanarak \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ATM\u2019ler her zamankinden daha g\u00fcvenli olurken parmak izi sent\u00f6rleri, g\u00f6z tan\u0131ma ve avu\u00e7 i\u00e7i izi gibi farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler ile paraya olan eri\u015fimde kart zorunlulu\u011fu tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilecektir.<\/p>\n

\u015eubesiz Bankac\u0131l\u0131k<\/h3>\n

Bankac\u0131l\u0131k hizmetleri FinTech ile birlikte fiziki mekanlara duyulan ihtiyac\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Bankalar art\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ortamlardan ula\u015f\u0131labilirliklerini art\u0131rarak b\u00fcy\u00fck zaman ve i\u015flem maliyeti tasarrufu sa\u011flad\u0131. T\u00fcketiciler bankalara ait internet, telefon ya da mobil \u015fubeleri kullanarak t\u00fcm i\u015flemlerini online ortamlar \u00fczerinden yapabilmektedirler. \u015eubelere olan ihtiyac\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131ran bu geli\u015fmeler, bankalar\u0131n da operasyonel hantall\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerlerinden atmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak personel giderlerinden tasarruf etmelerini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da kapat\u0131lan 9000\u2019i a\u015fan banka \u015fube say\u0131s\u0131, \u015fubesiz bankac\u0131l\u0131k alan\u0131nda elde edilen kazan\u0131mlara verilebilecek en g\u00fczel \u00f6rnekler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fteri \u0130leti\u015fim Botlar\u0131<\/h3>\n

Makine \u00f6\u011freniminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan yeni geli\u015fmeler, m\u00fc\u015fteri ili\u015fkileri y\u00f6netiminde kontrol\u00fc tamamen m\u00fc\u015fteri ileti\u015fim botlar\u0131na<\/strong> b\u0131rakt\u0131. Sohbet robotlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ba\u015fta bankalar olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok kurulu\u015f, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlara ili\u015fkin m\u00fc\u015fterilerine botlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulabilmektedir. M\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyetini art\u0131rma ve maliyet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme gibi art\u0131lara sahip olan bu yeni geli\u015fme, mevcut insan kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha verimli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcketiciler sorunlar\u0131na en h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulurken banka personelleri, organizasyonda farkl\u0131 geli\u015fmelere odaklanarak katma de\u011fer art\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na katk\u0131 sunabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Yapay Zeka<\/h3>\n

Yapay Zeka (AI), bankac\u0131l\u0131k hizmetlerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok soruna \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma ad\u0131na \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar elde edilmesini destekledi. \u015e\u00fcpheli i\u015flemlerin tespiti<\/strong>, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n tespiti<\/strong> ve sald\u0131r\u0131lar ile m\u00fccadele<\/strong> konusunda yapay zekan\u0131n deste\u011fi pek \u00e7ok sorunu ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Amerikal\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 y\u00f6netim dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k firmas\u0131 olan McKinsey, haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda yapay zekan\u0131n istatistiksel modelleme ve veri toplama alan\u0131nda verimi art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir. Daha h\u0131zl\u0131 i\u015flem do\u011frulama, 360 derece m\u00fc\u015fteri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ve doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n modellerinin tahmin edilebilmesi gibi yeni geli\u015fmeler yapay zeka ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E-C\u00fczdan<\/h3>\n

Farkl\u0131 firma ve i\u015fletmelerce geli\u015ftirilen e-c\u00fczdanlar, FinTech\u2019in hedefledi\u011fi \u201cFinans\u0131 banka tekelinden kurtarma<\/strong>\u201d hedefinin en canl\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. \u00c7\u0131\u011f gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcyen e-c\u00fczdan say\u0131s\u0131, t\u00fcketicilerin bu yeni hizmetten duyduklar\u0131 memnuniyeti g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir. Pek \u00e7ok firma taraf\u0131ndan hayata ge\u00e7irilen e-c\u00fczdanlar<\/a> ile P2P \u00f6demeleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmekte, uluslararas\u0131 para transferleri tamamlanabilmekte ve faturadan konser biletini \u00f6demeye kadar finansal i\u015flemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmektedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merkezsiz Finans<\/h3>\n

Blockchain\u2019in do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi \u201cmerkezi otoriteden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olma\u201d fikri giderek finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda daha fazla yer etmektedir. Bu hedef do\u011frultusunda DeFi olarak bilinen \u201cMerkezsiz Finans<\/strong>\u201d geli\u015fmeleri, FinTech\u2019in en \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan birisidir. DeFi ile birlikte bankalar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kredi kullan\u0131m\u0131, faiz kazanma ve sigorta sat\u0131n alma gibi pek \u00e7ok operasyon merkezi olmayan bir sistem \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmektedir. \u00dcstelik DeFi ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fcksek h\u0131z ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fileri aradan \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Fintech M\u00fchendisi Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015f Yapar?<\/h2>\n

FinTech ekosistemi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ile giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte ve b\u00fcy\u00fcyen sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn kalifiye personel ihtiyac\u0131 giderek artmaktad\u0131r. Sekt\u00f6rde hizmet veren kalifiye personeller \u201cFinTech M\u00fchendisi<\/strong>\u201d olarak an\u0131lmakta ve artan yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla birlikte FinTech m\u00fchendislerinin maa\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada rekor fiyatlara ula\u015fabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

FinTech m\u00fchendislerini esasen yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisleri olarak tan\u0131mlamak daha do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere ekosistemin temel dinami\u011fi, teknoloji alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fimlerin geleneksel finansa uyarlanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle FinTech m\u00fchendisinin i\u015fi blockchain, yapay zeka, sanal ger\u00e7eklik, siber g\u00fcvenlik ve nesnelerin interneti alan\u0131ndaki bilgi birikimi ile finansal uygulamalar geli\u015ftirmesi olarak \u00f6zetlenebilir. Elbette FinTech m\u00fchendislerinin temel finans bilgisi olmas\u0131 beklenmelidir. Ancak ger\u00e7ek itici g\u00fc\u00e7, teknoloji yeterlili\u011finde aranmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fintech Terimleri<\/h2>\n

Finans ve teknoloji alan\u0131na ad\u0131ma atan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar ve geli\u015ftiriciler, FinTech terimleri ve ne anlama geldikleri noktas\u0131nda deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilir. Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn hangi konuma geldi\u011finin de anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli olan bu terimlerin ne anlama geldi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da payla\u015f\u0131lan listeye g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

API<\/h3>\n

\u0130ngilizce \u201cApplication Programming Interface\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kullan\u0131larak elde edilen bu terim, uygulama programlama aray\u00fcz\u00fc tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n, farkl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u00fczerinden kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015f fonksiyonlar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cAPI\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Big Data<\/h3>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck veri anlam\u0131na gelen bu terim; medya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan bloglara, foto\u011fraftan videoya kadar i\u00e7eriklerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu verilerin anlaml\u0131 ve i\u015flenebilir bi\u00e7ime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesini tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n

Bitcoin<\/h3>\n

Satoshi Nakamoto taraf\u0131ndan 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201ca\u00e7\u0131k kaynak kodlu yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u201d olarak piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk merkezi olmayan para birimi olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f kripto para birimidir.<\/p>\n

Blockchain<\/h3>\n

\u0130\u015flemleri kaybetmek, varl\u0131k transferlerini takip etmek ve g\u00fcvenli i\u015flem ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ad\u0131na olu\u015fturulmu\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck defterlere blockchain ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n

Chatbot<\/h3>\n

Algoritma bazl\u0131 olu\u015fturulan ve bankalar ile FinTech \u015firketlerinin m\u00fc\u015fteri ili\u015fkileri konusunda destek ald\u0131klar\u0131 otomatik sohbet yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

CrowdFunding<\/h3>\n

Yap\u0131lacak bir yat\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in gerekli olan mebla\u011f\u0131n, kalabal\u0131k bir insan grubu taraf\u0131ndan elde edilmesinin hedeflendi\u011fi ve kitle fonlama olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilen bir yat\u0131r\u0131m t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Cryptocurrency<\/h3>\n

Herhangi bir merkezi otoriteye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmadan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131nda takas edilebilen ve kriptopara anlam\u0131na gelen FinTech terimidir.<\/p>\n

Dijital C\u00fczdan<\/h3>\n

Elektronik para saklanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen yaz\u0131l\u0131mlard\u0131r. Dijital c\u00fczdanlara<\/a> kredi kart\u0131, \u00f6n \u00f6demeli kartlar ve banka kartlar\u0131 tan\u0131mlanarak kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Forex<\/h3>\n

Farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelere ait para birimlerinin de\u011fi\u015fimlerinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 d\u00f6viz ticareti piyasalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6lge Bankac\u0131l\u0131k<\/h3>\n

Normal bankac\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczenlemelerine tabi olmayan ama normal bankac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ki riskleri ta\u015f\u0131yan banka d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kredi arac\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetleridir.<\/p>\n

Hedge<\/h3>\n

Yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f finansal bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n fiyat de\u011fi\u015fimlerinden meydana gelebilecek zararlar\u0131n riskini azaltmak ya da s\u0131f\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in at\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131m ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Hedge, kar\u015f\u0131t yat\u0131r\u0131m olarak da tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n

InsurTech<\/h3>\n

Sigorta sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde teknoloji kullan\u0131larak getirilen FinTech giri\u015fimleridir.<\/p>\n

Makine \u00d6\u011frenimi<\/h3>\n

Matematiksel ve istatistiksel bilgileri kullanarak mevcut verilerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar yapan ve elde etti\u011fi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlardan bilinmeyen geli\u015fmeleri ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in tahminler sunan teknolojidir.<\/p>\n

NFC<\/h3>\n

T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cYak\u0131n Alan \u0130leti\u015fimi\u201d olarak \u00e7evrilen \u201cNear Field Communication\u201d teriminin ba\u015f harfleri kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulan NFC terimi, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile mobil \u00f6deme, veri transferi ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapma gibi i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131labildi\u011fi teknolojidir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6deme Ge\u00e7idi<\/h3>\n

Payment Gateway olarak da bilinen \u00f6deme ge\u00e7idi, internet \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lacak i\u015flemler i\u00e7in \u00f6deme bilgilerinin transfer edilmesi i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015f\u0131m Ekonomisi<\/h3>\n

Sahibi olunan ve nadiren ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan \u00fcr\u00fcn ya da hizmetin, kullan\u0131lmayan zamanlarda bahsedilen \u00fcr\u00fcn ya da hizmete ihtiya\u00e7 duyan kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunuldu\u011fu ekonomik modeldir.<\/p>\n

Peer to Peer Lending<\/h3>\n

Birbirleri aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir ili\u015fki bulunmayan ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda geleneksel finans arac\u0131lar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bor\u00e7 al\u0131p verme i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n

PSD<\/h3>\n

PSD (Payment Services Directive) 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa Birli\u011finde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren ve \u00f6deme pazar\u0131n\u0131n bankalar\u0131n tekelinden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00d6deme Hizmetleri Kanunudur.<\/p>\n

PCI\/DSS<\/h3>\n

PCI (Payment Card Industry) Kredi kart\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesi, iletilmesi ve saklanmas\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131nda takip edilmesi gerekli mant\u0131ksal ve fiziksel bilgi g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ili\u015fkin kurallard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

RegTech<\/h3>\n

\u0130\u015fletmelerin yerine getirmeleri gereken yasal zorunluluklar\u0131n teknolojiyi kullanarak tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131 esas alan sistemdir.<\/p>\n

SSO<\/h3>\n

Single Sign-On (SSO) Tek bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131lan oturum ile \u00e7ok say\u0131da uygulama ve web sitesine eri\u015fim olana\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131yan \u00e7oklu eri\u015fim kontrol\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

VPN<\/h3>\n

Virtual Private Network (Sanal \u00d6zel A\u011f) tan\u0131mlamas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f harfleri ile olu\u015fturulan VPN, genel internet omurgas\u0131 \u00fczerinden ileti\u015fim kurulurken bilgilerin \u00f6zel \u015fifreler ile kapal\u0131 bir network altyap\u0131s\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan sistemleri tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n

VPOS<\/h3>\n

Virtual Pos yani sanal POS<\/a>, internet ortam\u0131nda kredi kart\u0131 veya banka kart\u0131 ile yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demeleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6deme sistemidir.<\/p>\n

3D Secure<\/h3>\n

Dijital ortamda banka\/kredi kart\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demelerde ek g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f, SMS \u015fifresi ya da ak\u0131ll\u0131 mobil bildirim onay\u0131 ile \u00f6demenin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Fintech<\/h2>\n

FinTech 3.0 ile t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de FinTech alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fanmaya devam etmektedir. Ba\u015fta bankac\u0131l\u0131k sistemi olmak \u00fczere FinTech alan\u0131na kat\u0131lan yeni giri\u015fimler, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 itibari ile \u00fclkemizin \u00f6nemli mesafeler kat etmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda olgunla\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan FinTech ekosistemi, 2017 \u2013 2020 tarihleri aras\u0131nda at\u0131lan yeni ad\u0131mlarla birlikte daha h\u0131zl\u0131 mesafe kat etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yeni geli\u015fmeler do\u011frultusunda \u00fclkemiz FinTech \u015firketleri yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ilgisini \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00fcy\u00fck tutarlarda al\u0131nan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ile d\u00fcnya markas\u0131 olma yolunda ilerleyen T\u00fcrk FinTech \u015firketleri<\/strong> \u00e7e\u015fitli kurulu\u015flarca haz\u0131rlanan raporlarda kendilerine yer bulmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KPMG ve H2 Ventures taraf\u0131ndan 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan \u201cFinTech 100\u201d raporunda, \u201cGeli\u015fen 50\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda Papara ve MenaPay \u015firketlerine at\u0131fta bulunarak dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de FinTech yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n 12 milyon dolar d\u00fczeyinde oldu\u011fu tahmin edilirken, kanun koyucular taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe al\u0131nan yeni d\u00fczenlemeler ile birlikte FinTech ekosistemine y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. 2019 \u2013 2023 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan 11. Kalk\u0131nma Plan\u0131 bu d\u00fczenlemelerin en somut \u00f6rne\u011fidir ve 6493 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201c\u00d6deme ve Menkul K\u0131ymet Mutabakat Sistemleri, \u00d6deme Hizmetleri ve Elektronik Para Kurulu\u015flar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201d ile birlikte FinTech sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fclkemizde yasal zeminde geli\u015fme olana\u011f\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de PayTR<\/a> gibi tamamen yerli sermaye ile kurulan FinTech \u015firketleri yan\u0131nda yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan yat\u0131r\u0131m alarak geli\u015fen FinTech \u015firketleri, ekosistemi olu\u015fturan \u00f6nemli \u015firketlerdir. Yine 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda BiLira, Bankalar\u0131m, Payfull, Paym.es ve Kassa gibi \u015firketlerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam 17 T\u00fcrk FinTech giri\u015fimi, yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lardan 8,4 milyon dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m almay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. FinTech alan\u0131nda \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131lan giri\u015fimlerin artaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrken T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de FinTech\u2019in gelece\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fck veri, nesnelerin interneti (IoT), yapay zeka ve blokchain gibi teknolojilerin yer alaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Geli\u015fim alan\u0131nda ise InsurTech ve \u0130slami FinTech alanlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli f\u0131rsatlar bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2 Saatte PayTR’l\u0131 Olun!<\/strong>
\nPayTR Sanal Pos’a Hemen Ba\u015fvurun<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u201cFinansal Teknoloji\u201d olarak \u00e7evrilen FinTech, \u0130ngilizce \u201cFinancial\u201d ve \u201cTechnology\u201d terimlerinin k\u0131saltmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fturuldu. Finans alan\u0131nda devrim niteli\u011finde yenilikleri tetikleyen Fintech geli\u015fmeleri, finans\u0131 tabana yayma hedeflerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi hedefine giderek yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Geli\u015fmelerin temelinde yatan motivasyon, teknolojiyi finansta daha fazla kullanmakt\u0131r.Kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak, zaman kazand\u0131rmak ve pratik olmak FinTech\u2019in felsefesini \u00f6zetleyen 3 temel unsurdur. Finans alan\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren i\u015fletmeler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10493,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFintech Nedir? Fintech Terimleri Nelerdir? | PayTR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"FinTech nedir ve finansal teknolojiler nas\u0131l bir devrim yarat\u0131yor? 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